Keren McConnell’s Fruit Wrappers
This is the season for oranges and lemons, so I was more than delighted when Keren McConnell kindly sent me her glorious fruit wrapper collection from the seventies to share with you. If any other readers have ephemera collections, please get in touch.
“I started collecting fruit papers when I was six years old, possibly inspired by a holiday in Spain in 1971. Most of the papers stuck in my small scrapbook were picked up while shopping for groceries with my mother at the local greengrocers in Blackheath. I think they reminded me of that holiday with their bright and graphic imagery.
I was drawn to the designs and texture and feel of the crinkly tissue paper. I also collected carrier bags and paper bags for their graphics, but this collection did not survive all our house moves.
Who knows? This book of fruit papers may have even informed my career. I became a print and graphics designer for fashion brands and retailers, sometimes using this scrapbook as reference material to inspire a T-shirt design.
As a child, particular favourites were the designs depicting animals, beautiful ladies and the smiling face on the Sicilian lemon is particularly appealing. I have no idea why the Tower of London was on a fruit paper from Spain. Perhaps the designer thought London was an exotic place, just as I had found Spain so exotic? Some of the designs seem to have been inspired by sport, such as horse racing and Formula One.
Are children today inclined to make collections like this? Mine was born out of boredom, particularly on wet Sundays when the days felt so long.”
Keren McConnell
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George Double, Builder of Boxted Bridge
Contributing Photographer Lucinda Douglas Menzies sent me this missive from rural Essex where she has been spending the lockdown and campaigning to save George Double’s fine old bridge at Boxted. Lucinda has traced the remarkable ascendancy of this forgotten engineer and designer for whom his beautiful bridges serve as his monuments.
Sign the petition to Save Boxted Bridge
View from Boxted Bridge by John Nash, c. 1950 (courtesy Government Art Collection)
From modest beginnings – born in Benton Street, Hadleigh – George Double (1840-1916) rose to be nationally recognised as a bridge builder and civil engineer. As the designer of Boxted, Dedham and Wormingford bridges, he deserves special remembrance in the Dedham Vale.
Through his thirties and forties George worked with with the eminent civil engineer John Dixon, but by the time he came to work in the Stour Valley he had become his own master at the age of fifty-one. The Bury & Norwich Post reported on 10 February 1891 –
“Mr Double, whose contract had been successful for Wormingford Bridge was a very experienced man, having built Westminster Bridge and was also active in the erection of Cleopatra’s Needle.”
What I have found about his early life comes from census records. George is listed as a Scholar, living in Hadleigh in 1851 and as a railway porter in London in 1861. But then a reference to ‘worked on Westminster Bridge’ in 1862, and listed as engineer in the Isle of Man in 1869 and as engine fitter near Lake Windermere in 1871.
The last two may be no more than a coincidence, except John Dixon was in the same place – working on the Iron Pier at Douglas on the Isle of Man and on the Windermere Steam ferry – so an early association between the two men is possible. In any event, we know that George was working as site manager for John Dixon in 1877 on the construction of Llandudno Pier because the Caernarvon & Denbigh Herald of 25th August 1877 reported a serious accident there.
“William Tooth, one of the workmen employed in the construction of the new pier, received very dangerous injuries by a fall…..Mr Cheeseman, the pier-master, and Mr Double, the manager of the works, were both upon the pier at the time of the accident, and they hurried down to where the unfortunate man was lying. Brandy was administered to him, and he was taken to his lodgings…”
In September 1878, George was in the national news as John Dixon’s foreman, erecting Cleopatra’s Needle on the Victoria Embankment.
“Into the enclosed space around the skeleton structure only those responsible for the safe raising of the obelisk were admitted. Mr Dixon, the engineer, with Mr Baker as chief of the staff, and Mr George Double, as the executive foreman, remained there throughout directing the labours of the twenty or thirty men who worked the winches that served to prevent a too sudden movement of the ponderous stone.”
A year later, George was credited with building the hundred and forty-six foot swing bridge over the River Blyth for the Southwold Railway Company, a major civil engineering challenge featuring a pivoting span to allow boats to pass. By April 1887, he was back in London again, as the West London Observer report on the construction of Hammersmith Bridge reveals.
“The cost of the new bridge has been about £85,000. and it has been erected with remarkable expedition under the supervision of Mr George Double, the energetic manager of Messrs. Dixon and Thorne, the building having taken just two years, reckoning from the date of commencement”
Soon George became a successful independent bridge contractor in his own right, as the plaque of 1890 on a wrought iron trellis girder bridge at Curbridge confirms. The next year he won the tender for Wormingford Bridge over the River Stour. George’s experience building over water led to the contract for the new pier and landing stage for steamer ships at Clevedon in Somerset – which is now grade I listed – as the Wells Journal 9th June 1892 noted with approval.
“The work undertaken by the contractor (Mr Double) from designs of Mr Abernethy, the eminent engineer, is being carried out in a very satisfactory and expeditious manner.”
The new pier head was one hundred feet in length and fifty feet wide, with twenty four massive iron columns that suspended it sixty-five feet above the mud. The landing stage was built at an angle in order to align with the prevailing current in the Bristol Channel which the offered extraordinary challenges to any construction. The pier had to withstand the second highest tides in the world and constant immersion in salt water.
George’s tender for £937 to build Boxted Bridge over the River Stour in Essex was accepted on 14th November 1896 and a mere six months later the Evening Star reported –
“The Boxted Bridge, which has been built by Mr George Double of Ipswich, is now completed and opened for traffic so that the road to Nayland is once more available.”
George’s next contract was Dedham Mill Bridge – also on the River Stour – another substantial bridge built in the space of six months as the Ipswich Journal announced on May 12th 1900.
“that the tender of Mr George Double, Ipswich, for £1865, had been accepted, and that the work had to be completed within six months, was adopted.”
The 1911 Census records George and Emma Double, his wife of forty-eight years, living at Kirby Lodge, St John’s, Ipswich. His occupation is listed as Retired Contractor, Bridges, Pier & Bridge. Emma died in 1912 followed by George in 1916. They had no children and his niece inherited the estate. No photograph of George Double has come to light, but perhaps the readers can help?
Workmen posing on the scaffolding surrounding Cleopatra’s Needle on the Embankment in 1878. Is George Double one of these men?
George Double’s Wormingford Bridge, built 1891 (Photo by Lucinda Douglas Menzies)
George Double’s Boxted Bridge, built 1897
George Double’s Dedham Mill Bridge, built 1900
Photo by Lucinda Douglas Menzies
BOXTED BRIDGE
For over a century after George Double’s death, Boxted Bridge carried traffic without any need of repair or maintenance, but wear and tear led to a predictable outcome in the Principal Inspection Report of 1992.
“The bridge has been assessed to be able to carry only three tonnes loading… the proposed remedial measures were to strengthen one of the spans, impose a three tonnes weight restriction, and monitor the structure.”
Yet Essex County Council turned a blind eye, relying on ‘hidden reserves of strength’ in the bridge and permitting traffic to use the bridge, unrestricted, for the next twenty-eight years. It was not until 2018 that ‘Not suitable for HGV’ signs were finally placed on the approaches.
In the most recent Principal Inspection Report of March 2018, it was recommended that ‘design work should be considered to establish maintenance, strengthening or replacement options for the structure’ and a list of repair work was put forward but again ignored, even though this is obviously the preferable option for the bridge over replacement. Repair would cost less, be less disruptive and has less carbon footprint. Essex County Council have declared that they are “committed to reducing Essex’s carbon footprint”.
In spite of this, Essex Highways are finalising a planning application to replace Boxted Bridge with a much wider bridge to accommodate Heavy Goods Vehicles at a conservative estimate of £1 million, delivering road closures for a year and an unknown carbon footprint. This cannot be justified when set against the recommendations for repairs listed in the last Principal Inspection Report which were costed at £122,500.
Consideration for the surrounding Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty must be paramount in any future decision for Boxted Bridge which is listed as a local heritage asset and has strong associations with Alfred Munnings and John Nash. Now that we know it was built by local engineer, George Double, it should not be written off and scrapped as obsolete. This is more than enough justification for Essex Highways to make the extra effort to conserve it.
Sign the petition to Save Boxted Bridge
A View of Boxted Mill by Alfred Munnings, c.1930 (courtesy of artist’s estate)
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On Mothering Sunday
Valerie, my mother
What are you to do on Mothering Sunday if you have no mother? My mother died in 2005 and each year I confront this troubling question when the annual celebration comes around.
If I was religious I might light a candle or lay flowers on a grave, yet neither of these is an acceptable option for me. Contemplating advertisements for Mothering Sunday gifts, I deliberate privately over the tender question as my sense of loss deepens in the approach to this particular day, only for it to dissipate afterwards. This uneasy resolution brings no peace, serving to remind me how much I miss her. It is a feeling which grows with each Mothering Sunday that passes, as the distance in time that separates us increases and the memories fade. I do not expect or wish to ‘get over it,’ I seek to live in peace with my sadness.
I wish she could see where I live now and I could share the joys of my life with her. I have a frustrated instinct to communicate delights, still identifying sights and experiences that I know she would enjoy.
My picture of her has changed. The painful experience of her final years when she was reduced to helpless paralysis by the onset of dementia has been supplanted by a string of fragmentary images from my childhood – especially of returning from school on summer afternoons and discovering her at work in her garden.
I think of how she raised her head when she smiled, tossing her hair in assertion of a frail optimism. ‘Not too bad, thank you!’ she is admitting, lifting her head to the light and assuming a confident smile with a flash of her eyes. This was her default answer to any enquiry into her wellbeing – whether it was a routine or genuine question – and she maintained it through the years, irrespective of actual circumstances. When life was smooth, it was a modest understatement and when troubles beset her, it was a discreet expression of personal resilience. For her, it was a phrase capable of infinite nuance and I do not believe she ever said it in the same way. Yet although I could always appreciate the emotional reality that lay behind her words, I think for everyone but me and my father it was an opaque statement which efficiently closed the line of enquiry, shielding her private self from any probing conversation. From her I learnt the value of maintaining equanimity and keeping a sense of proportion, whatever life brings.
I realise that I was lucky to have a mother who taught me to read before I started school at four years old. Denied the possibility of a university education herself, she encouraged me to fulfil her own thwarted ambitions and – perhaps more than I appreciate – I owe my life as a writer to her. Yet there is so much I could say about my mother that it is almost impossible to write anything. I recognise that the truth of what she means to me is in a region of emotion that is beyond language, but I do know that what she was is part of who I am today.
Increasingly, I am aware that many of those around me also share this situation of no longer having mothers. Perhaps I should buy them all flowers this Mothering Sunday? Certainly if anyone enquires, I shall reply ‘Not too bad, thank you!’ with a smile and raise my head. In that moment, I shall conjure her robust spirit from deep inside me and she will be present, in my demeanour and in my words, this Mothering Sunday.
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Portraits From Philip Mernick’s Collection
In this selection from Philip Mernick‘s splendid collection of cartes de visite by nineteenth century East End photographers, amassed over the past twenty years, we publish portraits of men in which clothing and uniforms declare the wearer’s identity. All but two are anonymous portraits and we have speculated regarding their occupations, but we welcome further information from readers who may have specialist knowledge.
Superintendent of a Mission c. 1880
Dock Foreman 1891-4
Merchant Navy Officer c. 1880
Policeman c. 1880
Sailor c.1880
Beadle in Ceremonial Dress c. 1900
Private in the Infantry c.1890
Indian Gentleman 1863-5
Naval Recruit c. 1900
Sailor Merchant Navy c.1870
Chorister c. 1890
Cricketer c. 1870
Merchant Navy Officer c. 1870
East European Gentleman c. 1910
Clergymen c. 1890
Telegram Boy c.1890
Member of a Temperance Fraternity c. 1884
Naval Recuit
Policeman c.1890
Merchant Navy c. 1870
Royal Navy 1887/8
This sailor’s first medal was given by the Royal Maritime Society for saving a life, his second medal is the Khedive Star Egyptian Medal and the other is the British Egyptian Medal. The ribbon on his cap tells us he served on HMS Champion, the last class of steam-assisted sailing warships. In the early eighteen-eighties, HMS Champion was in the China Sea but it returned to the London Dock for a refit in 1887 when this photograph was taken, before going off to the Pacific.
Photographs reproduced courtesy of Philip Mernick
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Three Brick Lane Events
The Spitalfields Trust presents three free webinars as part of their campaign to save Brick Lane from the ugly shopping mall with floors of corporate offices on top proposed at the Old Truman Brewery. Visit www.battleforbricklane.com
Brick Lane 1978 by Dan Jones
THE THREAT TO BRICK LANE, HEARTLAND OF BRITISH BANGLADESHI CULTURE
7pm Monday 22nd March
A discussion of Brick Lane’s cultural significance for the British Bangladeshi community, its history and the challenges which threaten it.
Speakers include PROFESSOR CLAIRE ALEXANDER, author of the Runnymede Trust report Beyond Banglatown – Continuity, change and new urban economies in Brick Lane, DR FATIMA RAJINA and TASNIMA UDDIN, co-founders of Radical Socialist Bangladeshi Group Nijjor Manush, and COUNCILLOR ABDAL ULLAH, founder of the BBPI Foundation, whose first address was Brick Lane.
As the point of arrival for waves of immigration, Brick Lane is the nearest we have to an ‘Ellis Island’ in this country. It represents centuries of struggle by generations of migrants seeking to build a life and belong, creating the multicultural Britain of today. Yet it is currently under the shadow of redevelopment that threatens the authenticity of Brick Lane, driving up rents and pushing out the local community. We ask what can be done to prevent the undermining of such an important cultural location of national significance.
This session will be used as an opportunity to gather and provide insights to the Mayor of London’s Culture at Risk Office on these timely issues.
Click here to register for free for THE THREAT TO BRICK LANE
Messrs Truman, Hanbury, Buxton & Co’s Brewery at Brick Lane, published by J. Moore, 1842
THE HISTORY OF THE TRUMAN BREWERY
7pm Tuesday 30th March
Historian DAN CRUICKSHANK outlines the story of the world famous Truman Brewery in Brick Lane.
Legend has it that brewing in Brick Lane dates back to 1666.
Long-term local resident and co-founder of the Spitalfields Trust, Dan Cruickshank, traces the histories of the families who managed the brewery through four centuries, the largest in the world before it closed in 1989.
It was Benjamin Truman who industrialised the process in the eighteenth century by creating a giant brewing plant and was knighted by George III. In the nineteenth century, brewer Thomas Fowell Buxton, made a reputation as an abolitionist, working closely with William Wilberforce to present the London petition of 72,000 signatures against slavery to the House of Commons in 1826.
Today some of the original fabric of the brewery still survives, and Dan has undertaken a survey of what remains to ensure its survival in the face of redevelopment plans by the current owners.
Click here to register for free for THE HISTORY OF THE TRUMAN BREWERY
Corporate block proposed on Brick Lane
A CATALOGUE OF PLANNING DISASTERS IN SPITALFIELDS
7pm Tuesday 6th April
Planning & Heritage Expert, ALEC FORSHAW examines the appalling history of bad planning decisions in Spitalfields.
In recent years, Spitalfields has faced a wave of soulless corporate development spreading from the City of London, inflicting ugly steel and glass blocks that are entirely at odds with the narrow streets of old brick buildings.
First it was the Spitalfields Market, then the Fruit & Wool Exchange and Norton Folgate, and now the wave has reached the historic Truman Brewery.
In this humorous illustrated lecture, Alec shows how the same mistakes have been repeated over and over in Spitalfields, exploring what can be done to prevent this onslaught in future and discussing how more responsible planning could benefit the area and the community.
Click here to register for free for A CATALOGUE OF PLANNING DISASTERS
Shopping mall with corporate offices on top proposed for the Old Truman Brewery in Brick Lane
HELP US SAVE BRICK LANE
* This development will undermine the authentic cultural quality of Brick Lane.
* The generic architecture is too tall and too bulky, ruining the Brick Lane & Fournier St Conservation Area.
* It offers nothing to local residents whose needs are for genuinely affordable homes and workspaces.
* It is an approach that is irrelevant to a post-Covid world, with more people working from home and shopping locally or online.
* Where it meets the terraces of nineteenth century housing, the development is out of scale and causes up to 60% loss of light.
* Instead of this arbitrary scheme, we need a plan for the entire brewery site that reflects the needs and wishes of residents.
HOW TO OBJECT EFFECTIVELY
You can help us stop this bad proposal by writing a letter of objection to the council as soon as possible.
Please write in your own words and head it OBJECTION.
Quote Planning Application PA/20/00415/A1
Anyone can object wherever they live.
Members of one household can each write separately.
You must include your postal address.
Send your objection by email to Patrick.Harmsworth@towerhamlets.gov.uk
Or by post to Planning Department, Town Hall, Mulberry Place, 5 Clove Crescent, London, E14 2BG
Follow the Spitalfields Trust to keep up to date with this story
Twitter @SpitalfieldsT
Facebook /thespitalfieldstrust
Instagram @spitalfields_trust
On Vaccination Day
Statue of John Keats at Guy’s Hospital
It is now almost a year since I had the coronavirus and last week a letter arrived inviting me for a vaccination. Immediately, I booked the next available appointment at the nearest location and then cycled down to Guy’s Hospital at London Bridge yesterday to get it.
I joined the long line of people in masks, snaking through the hospital courtyard and leading into a large white steel-frame tent. There was collective expectation in the air and this sense of excited anticipation was heightened by the low-angled sunlight, blinding us in the queue and causing us all to raise our hands, shielding our eyes from the light as we shuffled forward to ascend the ramp.
The man supervising the line asked me to show him the text on my phone with my reference number, but when I reached the entrance of the tent another man asked my name. When I gave my surname, he checked it on a list and then called my first name through to another seated a desk inside. I was startled at this sudden transition from a number to a family name to my own name. In a moment, I had transformed from one of the masses to an individual and the nature of the experience changed from anonymous to personal.
Thirty metal chairs were arranged in lines, two metres apart, and, once I had sanitised my hands, I sat down upon an empty chair. An attendant walked up and down the lines of chairs, wiping them between occupants. In front of us was a large screen with our names upon it and, to one side, another ramp leading to where the vaccinations were being administered.
I cast my eyes around at my fellows. We were alone in this moment, carers and loved ones were not admitted. No-one spoke as we sat impassively watching our names move up the screen. When they reached the top of the list, each person stood up in turn and walked through to into the next room without looking back.
The diverse list of names revealed the range of our cultural origins and as I looked around the room, there were young and old, and those who were infirm and those evidently fit and healthy. I tried to guess which name belonged to which person from their appearance but failed. I could not discern any common factor between us, beyond that we were all human and Londoners.
Time was suspended as we sat in our shared reverie punctuated only by repeated summons to the next room every few minutes. We were waiting but we were calm. I imagined that perhaps this was how the afterlife could be and that the attendants were angels, shepherding us towards a reckoning.
Quickly, as chairs emptied, were wiped and filled again with new occupants, I moved from being the newest arrival to the one who had been waiting the longest. Then my name came up with the number of the station where I would receive my vaccine, and I stood and walked through into the next room, sanitising my hands again as I did so.
Cubicles with deep blue curtains lined a wide passageway and I walked inside to meet a young nurse who closed the curtain behind us. We sat on either side of a desk while she asked me questions and entered my answers into the computer.
Even though I have lived with the assumption of a degree of immunity since I recovered, which has reduced my fear of the virus, I was surprised at the strength of my emotions on receiving the vaccination. Yet these overwhelming feelings of gratitude were sublimated into a technical conversation about whether I had any recent experience of flu symptoms or whether I had allergies. I was struck that the nurse showed no sign of weariness and spoke to me as if I were the first person to whom she had ever asked these questions.
Automatically, I unbuttoned my shirt so the vaccination could be administered upon my upper arm. The nurse wrote the details of my vaccination upon a small card, the size of calling card, with the date for my next shot. ‘Now take good care of this,’ she said as she handed it over. Once I placed the card in my pocket, it acquired the quality of a magic talisman that will keep me safe.
When I walked back outside into the afternoon sunlight again and was alone, my breath faltered as I filled with a powerful surge of relief. I removed my mask. I felt blessed, as if the vaccination had been a religious experience. I felt relief that I have been fortunate enough only to suffer mild symptoms of the virus and recover last year. And relief that – after the tragedy of over two and a half million people who have died – the end of this collective global nightmare is now in sight.
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East End Preservation Society Bulletin
The East End Preservation Society is eight years old now and I am republishing their latest bulletin to inform readers of current campaigns
We thought it time to update you on our battles to preserve the buildings, community and spirit of the East End. As always, corporate developers have their eye on profit opportunities in our area, ignoring its history and its people.
The East End Preservation Society is for those who care about the East End and are concerned about the future of its built environment. We value your support in making the council aware that the public at large is sick of this feeding frenzy at the expense of our history and community.
Developers think this is appropriate for the Whitechapel Conservation Area
101 WHITECHAPEL HIGH ST DEVELOPMENT
The consultation period ends on Friday 12th March and objections can be lodged on the Tower Hamlets Council website or by email development.control@towerhamlets.gov.uk quoting reference no. PA/20/02726/A1
The developers, a Panama-registered company, have submitted revised proposals for a huge office development on the corner of Whitechapel High St and Commercial St, within the Whitechapel High St Conservation Area.
This sixty-three metre high behemoth will completely overpower the setting of the Conservation Area including the nearby Whitechapel Gallery and Toynbee Hall. It will set a precedent for the wholesale destruction of the Conservation Area and create a development free-for-all, allowing the City of London to expand eastwards and destroy the historic fabric of Whitechapel.
Promised benefits to Canon Barnett School have been dropped – the school was not consulted – and the developer wants to move the children’s playground behind their building where it will receive little sunlight and be cold and windy. Nearby residents will suffer a loss of daylight up to 80%. This proposal takes away from the local community and gives nothing back.
Please object and help us to save the Whitechapel Conservation Area
The proposed block on Brick Lane
TRUMAN BREWERY DEVELOPMENT
The owners of the Old Truman Brewery want to build an ugly shopping mall with four floors of corporate offices on top at the corner of Woodseer Street and Brick Lane.
*It will undermine the authentic cultural quality of Brick Lane.
*The generic architecture is too tall and too bulky, ruining the Brick Lane & Fournier Street Conservation Area.
*It offers nothing to local residents whose needs are for genuinely affordable homes and workspaces.
*It is an approach that is irrelevant to a post-Covid world, with more people working from home and shopping locally or online.
*Where it meets the terraces of nineteenth century housing, the development is out of scale and causes up to 60% loss of light.
Instead of this arbitrary proposal, we are seeking a conversation about the future of the whole brewery – with input from the widest number of people – to create a plan for the entire site that reflects the needs and wishes of residents.
There is still time to object, please go to www.battleforbricklane.com to learn how
THE BOUNDARY ESTATE
The Boundary Estate is Grade II listed and Arnold Circus is a Historic England registered landscape.
The Liveable Streets team engaged by Tower Hamlets Council in October last year started hacking at Victorian pavements to allow buses to turn into narrow residential streets. They did not consult any heritage associations and did not complete their consultation with residents and local communities.
Residents, local businesses together with Dan Cruickshank, Spitalfields Trust and EEPS started a protest which lasted three days. Concerned public also joined in to help Save Arnold Circus and to stop the digger. The media wrote about the impasse. A coalition was formed to meet with the council, demanding that work must be stopped and proper consultation be carried out.
The council agreed and has since implemented temporary closure of the circus using planters and fencing. Spitalfields Trust is asking the council to drop their non-compliant designs and have provided detailed recommendations which the council have so far ignored.
Please follow twitter @ourArnoldCircus
THE BETHNAL GREEN MULBERRY
We are delighted to welcome Dame Judi Dench as patron of our campaign to halt Crest Nicholson’s appalling redevelopment of the London Chest Hospital, destroying part of a listed building and digging up the 500 year old Bethnal Green Mulberry Tree. Thanks to the generosity of our supporters we have crowdfunded a Judicial Review of Tower Hamlets’ decision to grant permission, which has its hearing at the High Court on 4th & 5th May. A public link to watch the hearing will be published in due course.
THE WHITECHAPEL BELL FOUNDRY
For five years, EEPS has been central to the campaign to Save the Whitechapel Bell Foundry as a fully working foundry, resisting the developer’s plans to convert it to a bell-themed boutique hotel.
We collected 28,000 signatures on our petition and persuaded the Secretary of State to call a Public Inquiry into the future of the Whitechapel Bell Foundry that happened last year.
Now we await the Inspector’s verdict which is due this spring. We hope for a decision in our favour, paving the way for Reform Heritage – who brought the Burleigh Pottery Factory back to life in Stoke – to do the same for the bell foundry in Whitechapel working in partnership with Factum Foundation, world leaders in digital casting.
Follow the East End Preservation Society
Facebook/eastendpsociety
Twitter/eastendpsociety
Click here to join the East End Preservation Society
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