Brick Lane Market 10
This is Andrew who, with his partner Maria, has been running this stall at the Shoreditch end of Sclater St selling cut price DVDs and training shoes for twenty -three years, and making a quiet living out of it. “Twenty-five years ago, we came to look around and decided to set up a stall,” he told me, exaggerating his consonants to be heard over the blaring music that advertises the existence of his pitch.
A modest figure, standing to the rear in dark clothes against a black wall, Andrew is almost invisible behind the barrage of sound and the noisy customers riffling through his DVDs, yet he has an ideal vantage point upon the market. “It’s got more yuppified,” he admitted, observing the change in the neighbourhood, “But it helps us – especially the younger ones with money to spend.” A noble example of the resilience of the street traders, Andrew is phlegmatic in the face of the big buildings springing up around him to overshadow the market.
“I came here when I was a little girl and I remember when they sold pets – there was a man on the corner with a pair of owls on his shoulders.” recalled Emily, whose parents run “This Shop Rocks” opposite her stall on Brick Lane, “When I was nine, I bought a terrier who we called J.Burstein & Son after the shop where we bought him. It was a big adventure coming here in those days and I never imagined then I’d be trading in the market one day.”
Emily has a keen sense of the drama of Brick Lane, both its joy and turbulence. “I love all this,” she confessed open-heartedly, gesturing around to her stock, “I only buy things I love, so I like it when people appreciate something and I know it’s going to a good home.” Emily spends all week collecting the small pieces of furniture, luggage, crockery, mirrors and household things that she brings here each Sunday but, in such busy location, she can hardly keep an eye on everything –“Mike comes to help me and make sure I don’t get robbed.” she admitted candidly.“We get up at six thirty and we come, rain or shine. In the Winter, we were scraping the snow off the pitch before we set up.” Emily continued with a equivocal smile, revealing the tenacity and strength of character it takes to be a trader on Brick Lane.
“I am from a land where everyone’s very relaxed,” declared Albert enigmatically from beneath his green felt hat, when I went along to have chat at seven o’clock, after all the other traders had gone and his stall remained alone upon the empty yard, while Ernest Ranglin’s mellow jazz drifted off down Sclater St. Albert was speaking of his distant homeland of Vojvodina, but nowadays he drives to Spitalfields every week from Sheffield in his van full of curiosities. “There is a guy who comes each week to chat, he says, ‘I can’t afford to buy anything but I like your music'” Albert revealed to me, cherishing the delicate compliment.
“I used to do lots of things, I’m a furniture maker and I used to be teacher of geography – I like challenges,” he confided with gentle melancholic irony, whilst presiding upon the square of tables that defines his personal oasis of thoughtfulness. Albert is the philosopher of Sclater St market, who can always be relied upon to turn up intriguing finds, whether old cameras, photographs, tools, records, musical instruments, carpets, hats – or almost anything else you care to imagine – and accompanies them with superlative absurdist patter.
Photographs copyright © Jeremy Freedman
Joy Harris, Dressmaker
Joy with her engagement ring, at seventeen.
Fifty years after she was apprenticed as a dressmaker in Spitalfields, Joy Harris returned this week for the first time to visit the streets where she began her career, and found them much changed. The sweatshops and factories have new uses today, and the textile industry itself has gone but, as we walked around in search of her long-lost haunts, Joy told me her story – and it all came back to life.
“Dressmaking was all I was interested in, and I wanted to be a court dressmaker. My mother made her own clothes and she made mine too. She was from Stepney and she had done an apprenticeship as a dressmaker in the East End. I think I was born with it and I can’t ever remember not being able to sew, even at twelve or thirteen I made clothes for other people.
In 1961, at fifteen years old, I was offered an apprenticeship at Christian Dior in Paris but my mum and dad couldn’t afford to send me there. So Eastex in Brick Lane was the next best option – very disappointing that was! I left school in July and went straight to Eastex where I earned a pittance, it only covered my fare. Eastex were a middle range clothing company and I worked on the third floor at the corner of Brick Lane and Wentworth St. I started off making shoulder pads by the hundred and then you did darts and gradually we were taught to make a whole garment. Zips were measured and everything had to be in the right place. We used to sing, “Daisy, Daisy, Give me your answer do!” all day at work. It was boring. We spent all day making darts and then we’d take it up to show what we’d done, and we’d be sent back to do it all over again.
My friend Sandra already worked in Fashion St and we travelled up together to Aldgate East on the train from Barking each day. In Wentworth St, there was an underground butcher where there’d always be these men up against the grilles whistling at us, in our miniskirts at fifteen. They’d get locked up now. My mother let me keep my money for the first three weeks, and the first week I bought her a watch and, on the second week, I bought these black patent leather Italian slingbacks in Commercial St. I love shoes and I can remember everybody looking at my slingbacks. Of a Friday, we’d go down Petticoat Lane where there was a table that sold forty-fives and I bought my first Beatles record there and everybody asked me, “Who’s the Beatles?” I was a teenager and everybody I knew bought records, I had loads because they were really cheap.
I’ve known Larry since I was fourteen. We met at the youth club where I was friends with this guy called John. I’d seen Larry and I thought he looked nice and he had a scooter. John and Larry went on an Outward Bound trip for a month, and I was quite taken aback when John turned up with Larry. We got engaged after I finished my apprenticeship at seventeen, and John became the best man at our wedding.
And then I went to work in Fashion St which was a very stupid thing to do. But it was where my friend Sandra worked and they were paid three times as much at Lestelle Modes as I got at Eastex. It was a sweatshop they used to make very cheap clothes for C&A and market stalls. It ended my ambition to become a court dressmaker but all I wanted to do was get married and have children. Yet I didn’t make any money at first because I’d been trained to make clothes properly whilst at this place they were running them up quickly. The other girls made fifty dresses a day yet I only made ten because I was trying to make them as I was taught at Eastex. It took me ages to get the hang of throwing them together! It was a big problem and I used to go home crying with frustration, because I’d given up my apprenticeship to do this and I thought I’d be making more. But after a few weeks, I managed to do it.
It was a horrible place, a filthy dirty shed in a back yard with eight or ten machinists, and a tea table at the end of the line. The whole workshop was thick with fluff and people used to smoke there. We didn’t have overalls we just wore our old clothes. Yet it was a fun time in my life. They were wonderful people that owned it, Les and his sister Estelle – and Estelle and her husband Jack managed it. It was a relaxed place. We had a record player and took in our own records and played them while we worked. We played “Hit the Road Jack!” on Fridays when Jack left early and ran out the door afterwards, once he’d gone. We curled our hair with cotton reels, permed it in our lunch break and washed it out in the afternoon tea break, ready for the evening. We spent most of our money down the Lane. The motto there was, “If it don’t fit, cut it off!” – if you had spare fabric left over anywhere on the dress.
I stayed there two years, and then me and my friend left and went to a place in Chadwell Heath, until I had my first baby at twenty-one. Then I machined at home for a company from Hackney. It was bloody hard work, but he was a very good baby. Returning to work, I went to a really posh place and my dressmaking training was essential there. It was evening wear and it was all beaded, made of satin and chiffon, and my skills came back because it all had to be done properly.”
In spite of her sojourn in a sweatshop in Fashion St, Joy discovered the fulfilment of her talent as a dressmaker. “I’ve done it all my life!” she informed me proudly, “I made four thousand costumes for a dance contest once, and me and my friend we work self-employed making bridal gowns and bridesmaid’s dresses. Last year, I made twelve Disney costumes for my daughter’s twenty-first birthday party and it took me six months.”
Walking up Fashion St together past the newly renovated Eastern Bazaar that Joy remembers as crowded sweatshops and scruffy fabric warehouses, we met young women sitting on the curb enjoying the sunshine. Joy’s contemporary counterparts, they explained they were at fashion school training to be stylists and while Joy was delighted to see that life goes on here, they were even more excited to meet Joy and learn of the clothing manufacturing that was once in Fashion St half a century ago, before they born.
Joy aged four in a dress made by her mother, taken in Dagenham where Joy was born – “My parents moved from Stepney in 1939, both were from the East End.”
Joy (right) and her best friend Sandra (left), 1961. – “We were always together. We used to see each other every Wednesday night, even after we were married.”
Joy and Larry up a mountain near Gelligaer, Glamorganshire, in 1963, when Joy was seventeen.
Joy and her husband Larry re-enact the phone call made from this box outside Christ Church Spitalfields in 1963 when Joy rang her sister to learn of the birth of her nephew.
Joy meets Carina Arab, Gulia Felicani and Julie Adler, students at fashion school in Fashion St, on her first return visit since she worked there in a sweatshop in 1963.
Joy at the corner of Brick Lane and Wentworth St where she did her apprenticeship as a dressmaker in 1961, working for Eastex on the third floor. The building is now offices of the Sky network.
Joy Harris, Dressmaker
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Leila’s Shop Report 3
Leila McAlister & I took a day trip yesterday, driving in her van down to the Kent Marshes to visit James Worley at Oakleigh Farm who grows the asparagus that she sells in her shop. Positioned under a wide estuarine sky, upon three hundred acres of low-lying land between Higham and Cooling where the farmland meets the marshland, James’ father began farming here thirty years ago.
We discovered James occupied draping the nets upon his acres of cherry trees that are just coming into fruit now yet, happily, he was not ungrateful of the excuse to leave this task to others and show us around. Farming just thirty miles from London, James is eager to establish a reputation for his asparagus, selling direct to wholesale greengrocers and restaurant suppliers, and thereby break free of the tyranny of supplying supermarkets – who exploit their control of over eighty per cent of the market, offering a raw deal to small independent producers. “As an individual farmer, it is almost impossible to approach them – the reason I packed up was that they could reject two lorry loads of fruit, claiming one tray was bad – simply as an excuse, if they had over-ordered.” he explained, speaking from bitter experience, “You have to minimise your risk.”
Yet even James’ single acre of asparagus constitutes a gamble, at a cost of ten thousand pounds for the plants and a three year wait for the first crop from his planting of asparagus heads, that will have a life of no more than nine years. We found the field of asparagus at the furthest extent of the farm, upon a gentle incline next to tall stand of willows beside the railway line, beyond which there is just meadow and marsh given over to wildlife. It was a sight of wonder – the bare earth of the field punctuated in surreal fashion by the sharp green spears of asparagus, like those spear heads of a buried army emerging from the earth in mythology. “We knew they would do well here because they grow wild, seeding themselves in the fruit orchards,” James explained brightly, surveying his proud experiment which constitutes a step towards a new direction for Oakleigh Farm. This is the third year and we were looking upon his first significant harvest of asparagus.
From March, the force of these tender stems cracks the hard soil apart and pushes great clods of dried earth aside, as the first green shoots of the year, even before the weeds appear. James has polythene tunnels to warm the soil and bring his crop forward, a redundant measure in this year’s exceptionally mild Spring. Given the sustained warm weather and the lack of rain, the question upon James’ mind is whether the harvest will last until the longest day, traditionally the end of the English asparagus season. The extraordinary rapid growth of these shoots means that picking must continue seven days a week. They grow a couple of inches each day, and in three days a stem can come from the soil to reach harvestable size – and in four days they are over and flowering. Weather conditions can have a radical affect upon growth, with a sudden change in temperature or strong winds resulting in mis-shapen wind-blown spears of asparagus.
“I could happily eat asparagus every day and live off it – I would!” admitted Leila, who supplies Oakleigh Farm asparagus to the Rochelle Canteen, Towpath Cafe and Violet Cakes as well as selling it in her shop. The resonant snap of the stem as it is cut, that I heard in the field that day, is a sound to gladden the heart of any asparagus lover, and regular deliveries from Kent to Calvert Avenue permit East Enders to buy it as fresh as it can be had while it is in season. When asparagus is this good, Leila recommends eating it as it is, though – when pushed – she also suggested serving it with Farro grain, chopped cucumber and fresh herbs.
I could not wait to get home with my brown paper packet of asparagus spears, slice off the ends and steam them for a couple of minutes while mixing a lemon juice and olive oil dressing, before carrying the dish down to the garden in the cool of the evening. I sat alone devouring the stack of delicious green stems – with a satisfying texture that is crisp to the first bite and then soft upon the tongue – one after the other, in a kind of trance. I thought about our sunlit drive through the winding lanes across the Kent marshes between hedges lined with cow parsley and dog roses, and punctuated by old clapperboard houses. I thought about getting lost on the way to Oakleigh Farm and ending up by accident at the church that Dickens put in Great Expectations. I recalled standing in the asparagus field listening to the chorus of frogs booming from the marshes. I could still feel the flush of wind and sun upon my face. And all of these impressions were to be savoured, contained in the experience of eating James Worley’s asparagus from Leila’s Shop.
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Leila’s weekly vegetable boxes are available for delivery throughout Shoreditch, Dalston, London Fields, Bethnal Green, Spitalfields and Whitechapel.
You can find the vegetable box blog by clicking here.
Adam Dant’s Map of Clerkenwell
After the tremendous popularity of his Map of Shoreditch last year, Adam Dant has now created this Map of Clerkenwell and it is my great delight to publish here it for you today. (Click on the panels below to enlarge them.)
1. 1390. The annual Clerkenwell Mystery Play “Matter from the Creation of the World” is performed by parish clercs whose well can be be seen at 14 Farringdon Lane.
2. 1246. The Knights Templars of St John’s Priory return from the Crusades to present Henry III with a crystalline vase containing “blood of the saviour.”
3. 1290. Wat Tyler, leader of the Peasants’ Revolt is killed in Smithfield by Mayor William Walworth whose sword can be found at the Fishmongers’ Hall and on the City of London flag.
4. 1381. In the reign of Edward I, the water from the Fleet river is already so impure and containing such noxious exhalations and miasma that it kills many hooded brethren.
5. 1527. Sir Thomas Docwra, the last grand prior of the English Knights’ Hospitallers and architect of St John’s Gate is buried in the prior church.
6. 1123. Rayer, Henry I’s jester founded St Bartholomew’s Hospital.
7. Through the ages, great crowds have arrived at Smithfield for the St Bartholomew Fair, tournaments and for public burnings, such as Queen Mary’s two hundred and twenty-seven victims.
8. 1613. Some of the earliest female performers appear on stage at the Red Bull Theatre, Woodbridge St.
9. Nearby Bagnigge Wells House, home of Nell Gwyne, a black woman called Woolaston sells spring water from a fountain known as “Black Mary’s Hole.”
10. 1617. Seventeen bowling alleys at Bowling Green Lane are licenced by James I.
11. Charles I stops to enjoy a Dorset delicacy, “the pickled egg,” at Crawford’s Passage or “Pickled Egg Walk.”
12. Jack Adams, “The Clerkenwell Green Simpleton,” is regularly mentioned in pamphlets during Charles II’s reign.
13. 1747. The last tree on the North side of Clerkenwell Green is blown down during a storm.
14. The level of Cloth Fair remains much higher, even today, due to the accumulation of rubbish, dust and ashes.
15. 1610. Hick’s Hall, in the middle of St John’s St, was the last purpose-built sessions house, the point from where all distances from London were calculated and where criminals were dissected.
16. 1600-12. Shakespeare’s revels are rehearsed in the Great Hall at St John’s.
17. 1636. Henry Welby, the Hermit of Grub St, unseen by any human for forty years dies having bought, read, and mostly rejected all new books published.
18. 1641. Fleet Prison is reserved for debtors. 1726. Hogarth immortalises, in his engraving, the ghastly disclosures of witnesses, “fettering, spunging, damp and stench.”
19. 1709. Christopher Preston, bear gardens proprietor, is attacked and almost devoured by one of his own bears.
20. 1743. Henry Carey, for some time considered author of “God Save the King,” pens “Sally in our Alley” in Great Warner St.
21. Thomas Britton, “the musical smallcoal man,” whose musical club hosts Handel concerts is scared to death by a ventriloquist’s trick premonition.
22. 1737-41. Dr Johnson toils for Edward Cave’s “Gentleman’s Magazine” in St John’s Gate, where Garrick makes his London theatrical debut in Fielding’s “Mock Doctor.”
23. 1740. “Scratching Fanny,” the celebrated “Cock Lane Ghost” promises to manifest itself to Dr Johnson and friends at St John’s church.
24. Popular pamphleteer, Daniel Defoe is pelted with flowers rather than the usual household waste when put in the pillory for publishing ” The Shortest Way with the Dissenters.”
25. 1812. Once occupied by Colonel Magniac, maker of automaton-clocks for the Emperor of China, the birthplace of John Wilkes is pulled down.
26. 1908. The vast roof of the GPO sorting office is used as a rifle club shooting range.
27. 1820. Thistlewood and the Cato St conspirators are kept at Coldbath Fields Prison, home of the first treadmill.
28. 1903. Lenin meets a young Stalin at the Crown & Anchor pub (The Crown.)
29. Clerkenwell’s Italian community erect a life size “presepe” nativity scene every Christmas at St Peter’s Italian church.
30. TV presenter Graham Norton collects the empties at pioneering “gastro-pub” The Eagle.
31. 1917-19. Zeppelin raids destroy buildings in Passing Alley and St John’s Lane.
32. 2006. Rock star Pete Doherty is banned from The Malmaison after trashing a room at a cost of four thousand pounds to the Charterhouse Sq Hotel.
Map copyright © Adam Dant
You may also like to take a look at
Adam Dant’s Map of the History of Shoreditch,
or his Map of Shoreditch in the Year 3000,
or his Map of Shoreditch as New York,
or his Map of Shoreditch as the Globe,
or his Map of Shoreditch in Dreams.
At 123 Bethnal Green Road
Observe this peaceful scene in the Bethnal Green Rd, with its fine, newly restored Victorian terrace resplendent beneath a benign blue sky and cotton wool clouds. You would never guess that ten years ago these premises harboured London’s most notorious illegal gun supply – selling hundreds of lethal weapons to villains all across Britain at the rate of one a day. “They were supplied to the criminal fraternity, whether to be used in bank robberies, or to threaten people, or to kidnap people, or simply to shoot them,” revealed the prosecutor at the Old Bailey, speaking plainly, when the culprits came to trial in July 2006.
It took a lengthy operation by a team of undercover detectives to discover that “Moderne Buckles, leading makers of air rifles, replicas, buckles, leather goods and accessories” was the hub of a supply and conversion network – the largest ever uncovered by the Metropolitan Police – yet even to the casual observer there was something fishy about the sale of buckles and air guns, which make an unlikely retail combination.
When Ross Barry (of Lawrence M. Barry & Co, the largest textile recycling company in the South East) bought the property a few years later, he found some remaining gun parts in the basement which was once the centre of the operation converting replica pieces to active firearms. Yet of greater concern to him were the three tons of buckles left behind by the previous owners before they departed swiftly to gaol. “I think the business selling buckles to the local clothing industry had been established for many years, but it was failing and then the owner’s son-in-law got involved and it became a front for selling guns” Ross told me. The building was left empty and “There were a couple of leaks in the roof, where they had simply moved the stock downstairs when the water came in.” he recalled ruefully as he took me on a tour, rambling up and down this tottering tower.
Dating from between 1878 and 1883, when the Bethnal Green Rd was widened, 123 forms a bold culmination to the terrace stretching East that has also been spruced up recently – revealing an entire block which retains its original architectural form, dignified by elongated proportion and modest Italianate decoration. What architect Chris Dyson found at 123 was a building in poor repair, subdivided by partition walls and with an awkward twentieth century shopfront at street level. Under his supervision, the structure was repointed, the roof replaced and the windows remade, and working from precedents in the vicinity, a new shopfront was constructed matching in style and proportion with others in the terrace. Internally, the original staircase has been repaired and matchboarding replaced, while removing the partition walls opens up each floor as a single space, ideal as showrooms or workshops. The result is a nineteenth century building in tip-top condition, architecturally consistent throughout, serviceable and full of character. Rather than drawing attention to itself, the work that has been done leads you to look at the building freshly.
Raise your eyes, next time you walk up Brick Lane – once you pass under the railway bridge – and you will see the numbers one, two and three newly emblazoned vertically in block numerals upon the end of the terrace in the Bethnal Green Rd beyond, visible in the centre of your vision at the top of the lane. This distinctive landmark, now known simply as 123, is a favoured destination today for those seeking innovative fashions by new British designers, manufactured in London. Here upon three floors stacked on top of each other, reached by a precarious winding staircase and offering views of the crowds down Brick Lane, is a twenty-first century department store with rails of clothes that have been “upcycled” – recut and individually embellished, retaining their history yet restyled to suit a contemporary sensibility.
It makes perfect sense for Lawrence M. Barry & Co to explore imaginative ways to put old clothes back on sale, and the thoughtful restoration of this fine utilitarian building out of a former buckle company incarnates the change in East End textile manufacturing, from mass production to the small-scale designer operations that define the industry today. 123 Bethnal Green Rd has restored its reputation as well as its fabric now and, putting its criminal past behind it, has acquired a new life.
The view of 123 Bethnal Green Rd from the top of Brick Lane, a hundred years ago.
Looking up Brick Lane to 123 Bethnal Green Rd, a hundred years ago.
Looking up Brick Lane towards 123 Bethnal Green Rd today.
The scout hut at the rear prior to renovation.
The scout hut today with original lettering of the former garage, Page & Co, uncovered.
Henry Mayhew’s Punch & Judy Man
“Ladies & Gentlemen, I’m now going to exhibit a performance worthy of your notice, and far superior to anythink you hever had an hopportunity of witnessing before”
There were none to be found in Spitalfields, when Henry Mayhew set out to find a Punch & Judy man for his interviews that were first published – appropriately enough – in Punch magazine before they were collected in three volumes as “London Labour & the London Poor” in 1851. As the Punchman that Mayhew spoke with explained, “The boys is the greatest nuisance we have to contend with, and many parts is swarming with boys, such as Vitechapel. Spitalfields, that’s the worst place for boys I ever come a-near, they’re like flies in Summer there, only much more thicker. They’ll throw one another’s caps into the frame and, do what we will, we can’t keep ’em from poking their fingers through the baize and making holes to peep through. But the worst of all is, most of ’em ain’t got a farthing to bless themselves with.”
Yet the City of London was not much better for Punch & Judy either -“People ‘as their heads all full of business there and them as is greedy arter the money ain’t no friend of Punch’s.” Then, as now, it was the West End that was the preferred location for street performers. “The best pitch of all in London is Leicester Sq, there’s all sorts of classes you see passing there.” confirmed the Punchman, “Then comes Regent St, the corner of Burlington St is uncommon good and there is a good publican there besides.” And I have no doubt that he was grateful of refreshment because, as this engaging testimony reveals, the life of a Punchman constituted thirsty and demanding work.
“The performer of Punch that I saw was a short, dark, pleasant looking man, dressed in a very greasy and very shiny green shooting jacket. He was very communicative and took great delight in talking like Punch, with his call in his mouth, while some children were in the room, and who, hearing the well-known sound of Punch’s voice, looked all about for the figure.
“I am the proprietor of a Punch’s show,” he said. “I goes about with it myself, and performs inside the frame behind the green baize. I have a pardner what plays the music – the pipes and drum, him as you see’d with me. I have been five-and-twenty year now at the business. I wish I’d never seen it, though it’s been a money-making business – indeed the best of all, street hexibitions I may say. I am fifty years old. It’s a business that once you’ve got into it you can never get out. It’s a great annoyance being a public kerrackter, I can assure you, sir. Go where you will, it’s, ‘Punchy, Punchy!’ Something else might turn up, to be sure. We can’t say what the luck of the world is. I’m obliged to strive very hard – very hard indeed, sir, now, to get a living and at times, compelled to go short often. It’s the march of hintellect wot’s a doing all this, sir.
But I was a going to tell you about my first jining the business. The first time I ever went out with Punch was in the beginning of August, 1825. My dignity was being hurt at being hobligated to take to the streets for a living. I used to stand outside and patter to the figures. There was not much talk, to be sure, required then, and what little there was consisted merely in calling out the names of the figures as they came up and these my master prompted me from inside the frame. I know I could never have done it, if it hadn’t been for the spirits (a little drop of gin), as my master guv me in the morning. Yet the first time I ever made my appearance in public I collected as much as eight shillings, and my master said after the performance was over, ‘You’ll do!’
I kept on going with my master for two years and at the end of that time I had saved enough to start a show of my own. I bought the show off old Porsini, the man who first brought Punch into the streets of England. I’ve heard tell that old Porsini used to take very often as much as ten pounds a-day, and he used to sit down to his fowls and wine, and the very best of everything. But he never took care of a halfpenny he got. He didn’t study the world nor himself neither. At last, he reduced himself to want, and died in the St Giles’s Workhouse. He was past performing when I bought my show of him and werry poor. I gave him thirty-five shillings for the stand, figures and all. I bought it cheap, you see, for it was thrown on one side and of no use but such as myself.
The great difficulty in performing Punch consists in the speaking, which is done by a call or whistle in the mouth. Porsini brought the calls into this country with him from Italy and I larnt the use of mine from Porsini himself. I was six months in perfecting the use of it and now I’m reckoned one of the best speakers in the whole purfession. When I made my first appearance as a regular performer of Punch on my own account, I did feel uncommon narvous, to be sure, though I know’d the people couldn’t see me behind the baize, still I felt as if the eyes of the country were upon me. It was as much as ever I could do to get the words out, and keep the figures from shaking. The fust person who went out with me was my wife. She used to stand outside and keep the boys from peeping through the baize and she used to collect the money afterwards as well. She’s been dead these five years now.
Take one week or another, throughout the year, I should say I made then five pounds regular. You can see Punch has been good work, a money making business. Twenty years ago, I have often got eight shillings for one hexhibition in the streets, and many times I’d perform eight or ten times in a day. We didn’t care much about work then, for we could get money fast enough. Arter performing in the streets of a day we used to attend private parties in the hevening. I have performed afore almost all the nobility.
There are altogether as many as sixteen Punch & Judy frames in England, and to each of these frames there are two men. We are all acquainted with one another, are all sociable together. If two of us happen to meet in one town, we jine and share the money. We all know one another, and can tell in what part of the country the others are. We have intelligence by letters from all parts. There’s a Punch I knows is either in the Isle of Man or on his way to it.”
Punch: What Toby, are you cross this morning?
Scaramouch: You have been beating and ill-using my poor dog, Mr Punch!
Judy: Here’s the child. Pretty dear! It knows its Papa. Take the child.
Punch: What is the matter with it? Poor thing! It has got the stomach ache, I dare say.
Punch: Get away, nasty baby.
Judy: I’ll teach you to drop my baby out the window!
Punch: How do you like my teaching, Judy, my pretty dear?
Punch: Stand still, can’t you, and let me get my foot up to the stirrup.
Punch: Oh Doctor! Doctor! I have been thrown, I have been killed.
Punch: Now Doctor, your turn to be physicked!
Blind Man: Pray Mr Punch, bestow your charity upon a blind man.
Jack Ketch: Mr Punch, you’re a very bad man.
Jack Ketch: Come out and be hanged!
Punch: Only shew me how and I will do it directly.
Punch: Here’s a stick to thump Old Nick!
Punch: Pray Mr Devil, let us be friends.
Punch: Huzza, huzza! The Devil’s dead!
Drawings by George Cruikshank, 1827, illustrating Giovanni Piccini’s “The Tragical Comedy or Comical Tragedy of Punch & Judy.”
At the Punch & Judy Festival
Carmen Baggs with figures made by her father
On 9th May 1662, Samuel Pepys wrote in his diary “Thence to Covent Garden… to see an Italian puppet play that is within the rayles there, which is very pretty, the best that ever I saw, and a great resort of gallants …” It was the first record of a Punch & Judy show in London and, as a consequence, May 9th has become celebrated as Mr Punch’s birthday – and yesterday I walked up to Covent Garden myself to meet the Punch & Judy “professors” gathering there, as they do every year at this time upon the leafy green behind the church.
After an early morning shower, the sun broke through to impart a lustre to the branches of may blossom growing in the churchyard, which create an elegant foliate surround to the freshly sprouting lawn, where the Punch & Judy booths were being assembled as the centrepiece of the Covent Garden May Fayre. As they set up their booths, the professors were constantly interrupted by the arrival of yet another member of their clan, and emotional greetings were exchanged as they reunited after another year on the road. Yet before long, a whole line of booths encircled the lawn and vibrant red stripes filled my vision whichever direction I chose to turn.
Peter Batty, a Punch & Judy professor of forty years, who has been coming here for thirty years, could not help feeling a touch of melancholy in the churchyard in spite of the beauty of the morn. “We go from one box to another,” he said, reaching up with the hand that was not holding Mr Punch to touch his booth protectively, and recalling those professors who will not be seen upon this green again. “I think of Joe Beeby, Percy Press – the first and the second, Hugh Cecil and Smoky the Clown,” he confided to me regretfully – “People keep getting old.”
Yet Peter works in partnership with his youthful wife Mariake and their fourteen year old son Martin who is just starting out with his own shows. “It’s such a lovely way of life, we’re really lucky when so many people have to do proper jobs, and it’s a brilliant way to bring up children.” she assured me, cradling Judy, while Martin nodded in agreement, holding the Policeman. “We play together and have a fantastic time – it suits us very well and it’s completely stress free.” she declared. They were an appealing paradox, this contented family who had found happiness in performing Mr Punch and his bizarre drama of domestic violence.
“I was just a bored housewife,” recalled Mrs Back to Front, a lively Punch & Judy professor with her brightly coloured clothes reversed, “twenty-nine years ago, I had a six month old baby and a three year old son, and I was asked to do a puppet show for a fete at his school and I was converted to it. I came here to Covent Garden and I bought a set of Punch & Judy puppets, and I got a swozzle too and found I could use it straightaway.” Then, with a chuckle of satisfaction at the exuberant life she has invented for herself and batting her glittery eyelashes in pleasure, she announced – “My six month old baby is now Dizzy Lolly – she does magic and she’s very good with a monkey puppet too.”
My next encounter was with Geoff Felix, an experienced puppeteer with a background in film, television and theatre who has been doing Punch & Judy since 1982.“I was influenced by Joe Beeby,” he explained, revealing his source of inspiration, “he saw a show in 1926, which the player learnt from someone in the nineteenth century, and Joe kept it going. And that’s how the oral tradition has been preserved.” Geoff explained that the Punch & Judy characters we recognise today, both in appearance and in the story, are based upon those of Giovanni Piccini whose play was transcribed by John Payne Collier in 1828 and illustrated by George Cruikshank. Casting his eyes around at his peers, “It is the swozzle that unites us,” he whispered to me, as if it were a sacred bond, when referring to the metal instrument in the mouth used to make the shrill voice of Mr Punch – “it forces us to create shows based in action.”
Then, Alix Booth, a feisty Scotswoman in a top hat, who has been a Punch & Judy professor for thirty-seven years, told me, “When I was eleven, I inherited a set of paper mache figures. I started working with them and in the end I was doing small shows in Lanark. I still have the figures, over a hundred years old, and although I had to replace Mr Punch’s coat, his waistcoat and trousers are perfect. My figures are based on the Piccini book of 1828, they have their mouths turned down at the ends and huge staring eyes – nowadays Mr Punch is sometimes given a smile, but I prefer him with his mouth turned down, it’s more realistic.”
“I have learnt my craft, and I can keep a children’s party happy for an hour and a half without any trouble at all.” she informed me plainly. “But it was very much for adults originally – entertainment for the Georgian man in the street and it’s full of laughs – it’s all in the timing.”
After my conversations with the professors, I was delighted to stand and enjoy the surreal quality of all the booths lined up like buses at a terminus when I have only ever seen them alone before – yet what was fascinating were the differences in spite of the common qualities. There were short fat ones and tall skinny ones, plain and fancy, with the height defined by the reach of each individual puppeteer. And while the red and white theatres standing under the great chestnut tree awaited their audiences, the professors enjoyed the quiet of the morning to catch up and swap stories.
“It has established a club, brought us all together and kept the tradition alive,” Alix asserted, turning impassioned in her enthusiasm, “And that’s so important, because every year new young performers come along and join us.” But then we were interrupted by the brass band heralding the arrival of Mr Punch and we realised that, as we had been talking, crowds of people had gathered. It was a perfect moment of early Summer in London, but for Punch & Judy professors it was the highlight of the year.
Professor David Wilde has the largest collection of Punch & Judy puppets – over six hundred.
Professor Geoffrey Felix, scenery based upon a design by Jesson and Mr Punch in the style of Piccini.
Professor James Arnott restores and repaints old figures.
Mrs Back To Front
Professor Alix Booth, thirty-seven years doing Punch & Judy professionally.
The Batty Family of Puppeteers, Mariake, Martin and Peter.
Professor Brian Baggs, also known as “Bagsie.”
Professor Paul Tuck – “I’ve only been let out for today – I’m really a ladies’ hairdresser.”
Parade to celebrate the arrival of Mr Punch in Covent Garden.
With grateful thanks to the Punch & Judy Fellowship for making the introductions
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